This book s main title is student centered cooperative learning. Sometimes called collaborative learning, it is delivering instruction through small groups, empowering students to work together to build their understanding of topics and concepts. The book is much more than cooperative learning activities, but those have been the best takeaway from the book for me. See more ideas about cooperative learning, cooperative learning strategies and teaching strategies. Brame, cft assistant director and rachel biel, cft undergraduate intern print version cite this guide.
Three types of cooperative learning groups formal learning groups groups that last several class sessions to complete units, assignments, projects informal learning groups temporary, ad hoc groups that last for only one discussion or class period base groups permanentstable learning groups that provide. During cooperative learning activities students are exposed to perspectives that may be new or contrary to their own. Hear how schools have used kagan cooperative learning to boost academics, close the achievement gap, improve student relations, and create a more kind and caring school community. Presents cooperative learning in conjunction with national standards. Cooperative learning, sometimes called smallgroup learning, is an instructional strategy in which small groups of students work together on a common task. Use cooperative learning groups to engage learners adolescent. The promotion of cooperative learning in the 20th century was marked by the work done by john dewey, and later alice miel and herbert thelen.
Sage reference the complete guide for your research journey. Cooperative learning is a teaching strategy for organizing classroom activities. Cooperative learning teaches students to strive for outcomes that benefit the entire group. This structured group is an effective tool to address learning, organizational and communication problems at school. Over 500 research studies back the conclusion that cooperative learning produces gains across all content areas, all grade levels, and among all types of students including special needs, high achieving, gifted, urban, rural, and all ethnic and racial groups. Creating even a short video or animation is a complex task that requires many roles and responsibilities. Effective cooperative learning strategies thoughtco. Numerous case studies and small group exercises highlight how teachers can assess both the process and outcomes of cooperative. Cooperative learning strategies contains ideas and suggestions to help foster academic and social skill learning in your students.
Cooperative base groups are longterm cooperative learning groups with stable membership whose primary responsibilities are to help students provide each other with support, encouragement, and assistance in completing assignments and hold each other accountable for striving to learn. Teachers implementation of cooperative learning was assisted by teachers in this study by. Five cooperative learning activities to do on the first. One form is collaborative networked learning for the selfdirected adult learner. The group has only one pencil, paper, book, or other resource. Kagan specializes in staff development and educational resources for teachers. The point is that cooperative learning involves more than just asking students to work. Group work can also present some challenges for classroom management. There can be several book groups, according to who is interested in what. Cooperative learning is the instructional use of small groups so that students work.
Cooperative learning strategies national council of. Times educational supplement this is a book that has something for everyone with an interest in cooperative learning. Sage video bringing teaching, learning and research to life. Kagan is the principal author of the single most comprehensive book for educators in each of four fields. It can benefit second language learning in many ways. Cooperative learning can be incorporated into your classroom management system.
Cooperative learning in physical education a research. The adventure reading group the horse book readers. She found an interactive cd to supplement the textbook and allowed. There are different kinds of groups for different situations, but they all balance some key elements that distinguish cooperative learning from competitive or. Dupree is to teach them to work in pairs or small groups. As you would do with other evaluations, begin by deciding what it is that you would like to examine, and then choose the best tool with which to assess it.
In fact, the more diversity in a team, the higher the benefits for each student. Cooperative learning is the process of breaking a classroom of students into small groups so they can discover a new concept together and help each other learn. Cooperative learning is rated by joyce 1999 as the numberone strategy to increase student achievement and to enhance selfesteem. The cooperative and competitive learning groups were used as treatment groups while the control group was the individualized learning group. This book is your blueprint to full student engagement. One way to help your groups run successfully is for everyone to have a wellunderstood role.
In cooperative learning groups, students are required to learn academic subject matter taskwork as well as the interpersonal and smallgroup skills required to function as part of a team teamwork. The main purpose of cooperative learning is to actively involve students in the learning process. The cooperative learning strategies include the following titles. Cq press your definitive resource for politics, policy and people. Cooperative learning is an educational approach which aims to organize classroom activities into academic and social learning experiences. Studentgenerated multimedia is a natural environment for cooperative learning. To read further, purchase this book in the ascd online store. One of csrs great strengths, and a key to its effectiveness, is that it requires students to apply the four reading strategies in cooperative learning. Cooperative learning is a dynamic instructional model that can teach diverse content to students at different grade levels, with students working together in small, structured, heterogeneous groups to master subject content. List of books and articles about cooperative learning. The following are some ideas for using cooperative groups in your classroom.
This book aims to show that adaptation to l2 instruction, and subsequent l2 learning, is a result of the interaction between learner characteristics and learning contexts. Groups definitely wont have such diversity if students choose their teams, so the teacher should make team assignments. That said, it also provides sufficient depth and background information to engage readers that have had little or no previous involvement in this area. Its better for fostering the creativity to handle complex tasks in groups. This involves being aware of how to structure cooperative learning in groups, including. Cooperative learning is the instructional use of small groups so that students work together to maximize their own and. The goal of using this strategy is for students to work together to achieve a common goal. Once his students are able to independently apply the four reading strategies, the next step for mr. The social and intellectual outcomes of learning in groups and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at.
It was in the 1950s that american sociologist james s. Its coverage of the subject ranges across the educational spectrum, from preschool years to university, and offers a fresh perspective on a topic that has gained increasing interest worldwide. The book situates cooperative learning within the context of no child left behind and a climate of high stakes testing. By nature, both multimedia projects and cooperative learning groups require attention to detail in the planning process. Learning in groups, rather than in formal lectures or presentations, allows students to have greater scope to negotiate meaning and express themselves and their own ideas. Spencer kagan s most popular book is cooperative learning. How do i know what i think until i see what i say, is a paradoxical statement that somehow explains the thinking power of group work. It covers grouping in pairs and small groups to build a team learning spirit in the classroom.
Use cooperative learning groups to engage learners by. Many teachers love the idea of partner and group work, but teaching students how to do it is a daunting task. Implementing cooperative base groups in such a way that students meet regularly for the duration of a course completing cooperative learning tasks can provide the permanent support and caring that students need to make academic progress and develop cognitively and socially in healthy ways. Improving university instruction by basing practice on validated theory david w. Instead, conscious thought goes in to helping students make the. It also helps them to establish far more effective releationships, not only with their tutors and trainers but with each other. Jan 23, 2020 cooperative learning is an effective way for students to learn and process information quickly with the help of others. One of rogers favorite demonstration science lessons is to ask students to determine how long a candle burns in a quart jar. Books by spencer kagan author of cooperative learning. Spencer kagan has 34 books on goodreads with 1571 ratings. Making cooperative learning powerful educational leadership. Ten cooperative learning strategies for preschool children march 3, 2017 teachersherilyn leave a comment cooperative learning strategy also known as collaborative learning strategy is based on the social constructivist theory whereby learning happens with the guidance of or through collaboration with others.
Coleman campaigned for cooperative learning as a technique to reduce competition in schools and to minimize negative components in the education system. Using cooperative learning groups effectively center. Gather four to five books on the theme, and let students select a book and form small groups literature circles accordingly. With cooperative learning, the students start the problem and work it out together. With contributions from an international panel of leading. The role of type ab personalities in formulating cooperative groups kay lehmann on. Cooperative learning has also been observed to enhance achievement of female and african american students herreid, 1998, members of groups that are underrepresented in various disciplines. Sometimes specific assignments will call for students to work together in cooperative learning groups. The role of instructors is evolving from the presenter of information to the designer of active learning processes, environments, and experiences that maximize student engagement. Believe it or not, many educators are still skeptical about the benefits of cooperative learning. On the other side, competitive learning teaches students to strive for outcomes that benefit themselves, and is better for innovating and accomplishing tasks quickly and. Sage books the ultimate social sciences digital library. Cooperative learning consists of a variety of techniques that requires students to collaborate in mixedability groups.
This makes cooperative learning inherently more complex than competitive or individualistic learning. Cooperative learning groups can be a great way for students to learn. The list below is intended to be representative rather than exhaustive. In direct instruction, the teacher completes a math example for the class, then works with the class, and finally the students try it on their own. The idea of cooperative learning has been around for decades, but it never got to the same prominence as blended learning. Dec 05, 2016 cooperative learning is a learning and teaching style that contrasts greatly with traditional direct instruction. There are numerous ways to evaluate the outcomes of cooperative learning, and fortunately enough, none of them require an enormous investment of time. Cooperative learning works well when it is a part of the culture of a classroom, and when students are familiar with working together and know what is expected of them.
In this lesson, we will look at a variety of learning games and activities that provide an opportunity for both small and large groups of preschoolage children to practice social skills and learn. In fact, i embraced these strategies so fully that i ended up writing 5 cooperative learning books that were published by kagan. Cooperative learning, sometimes called small group learning, is an instructional strategy in which small groups of students work together on a common task. They can be a group of kids who meet at lunch time just because they love books and stories, or with an energetic teacher or librarian. How does a teacher translate the five essential ingredients of a cooperative learning experiencepositive interdependence, individual accountability, group. Collaborative learning wikibooks, open books for an open world. Sage business cases real world cases at your fingertips.
Continuing professional development with cooperative learning in. There are a variety of techniques that can be used to promote one or more of the elements of effective cooperative learning groups. Cooperative learning is more than grouping children together it is helping students learn to work together toward a common learning goal with each person doing their part in the project. A comprehensive view of the use of formal cooperative learning lessons, informal cooperative learning groups, and. Despite the common use of cooperative groups, dissatisfaction with group work is often reported. Its coverage of the subject ranges across the educational spectrum, from preschool years to university, and offers a fresh perspective on a topic that has gai. Cooperative base groups are longterm cooperative learning groups with stable membership. Students interact with each other in the same group to acquire. Cooperative learning tips and tricks the cornerstone for. The first is to advance the theory and research on social interdependence i. Grouped into small teams, pupils work together to achieve shared goals.
Spencer kagans most popular book is cooperative learning. Cooperative learning is a resource for all teachers to bring cooperative learning techniques into the classroom. Cooperative learning is the foundation on which many of the active learning procedures are based. To help you understand cooperative learning a little better, here are some ideas and activities that could help team members develop better skills in each of the areas listed above. Ten cooperative learning strategies for preschool children. Use cooperative learning groups to engage learners. The foundation for using cooperative learning in your classroom. The more active a lesson, the more students tend to engage intellectually and emotionally in the learning activities. General cooperative learning principles instead of a noun, think of cooperative learning as a verb. Students in mixed groups different races, genders, learning styles tend to have a deeper understanding of the material and remember more than those in. I know this because ive successfully used many of these techniques in my classroom over the years. This content is taken from materials presented at the university of tennessee at chattanooga instructional excellence retreat, may 1996.
The social and intellectual outcomes of learning in groups. This book recognizes the importance of cooperative learning, in contrast to the traditional classroom, as an effective approach to learning. One of my favorite books for cooperative learning activities is reaching all by creating tribes learning communitie s. The social and intellectual outcomes of learning in groups ashman, adrian, gillies, robyn on. A cooperative learning model in which students in four or fivemember heterogeneous groups work together on assignments. When teachers structure cooperative learning groups as part of the overall reading program, they also open the door to a multiple intelligences approach to literacy, which is inherent in cooperative learning. Discover book depositorys huge selection of kagan cooperative learning books online. He has presented dozens of keynotes and conferences in eighteen countries.
Cooperative learning groups not all learning activities are designed to be completed independently. Use cooperative learning groups to engage learners ld. The groups hand in a single completed assignment and receive praise and rewards based on the group product. Apr 19, 2019 cooperative learning is a teaching strategy classroom teachers use to help their students process information more quickly by having them work in small groups to accomplish a common goal.
Dissatisfaction with group work may result when personalities clash. Visit our online store, magazine and message board the leading authority on cooperative learning, classroom discipline and multiple intelligences. Kagan cooperative learning structures have revolutionized the way tens of thousands of teachers teach. The task can be as simple as solving a multistep math problem together, or as complex as developing a design for a new kind of school. Cooperative learning is a studentcentered, instructorfacilitated instructional strategy in which a small group of students is responsible for its own learning and the learning of all group members. If you train your students to work effectively in groups, the results can be a very productive and fun learning environment. The cooperative learning institute is an innovative nonprofit institute established in 1987 to advance the understanding and practice of cooperation and constructive conflict resolution. You can see all of my books at the end of this post. The grouping strategies for cooperative learning in the classroom presented on this page really do work. Student centered learning scl and cooperative learning cl. This page which is an overview of chapter 27 from the cornerstone book will help you create welldefined routines and procedures for cooperative learning strategies to expedite transitions and minimize off task behavior.
Cooperative learning is a teaching method where students of mixed levels of ability are arranged into groups and rewarded according to the group s success, rather than the success of an individual. Cooperative learning is a teaching strategy classroom teachers use to help their students process information more quickly by having them work in small groups to accomplish a common goal. Each member that is in the group is responsible for learning the information given, and also for helping their fellow group members learn the information as well. A threestep interview is defined as a cooperative learning technique which enables and motivates members of the group to acquire certain concept deeply by students role. Cooperative learning can be used in any class at any level with any subject area. Students achieve remarkable academic gains and acquire a range of social skills. Cooperative language learning chapter 16 approaches and. Cooperative learning has been proven to be effective for all types of students, including academically gifted, mainstream students and english language learners ells because it promotes learning and fosters respect and friendships among diverse groups of students. One way is that when students are put into groups they are forced to try to understand. Group work skills must be taught, modeled, and practiced.
There is much more to cooperative learning than merely arranging students into groups, and it has been described as structuring positive interdependence. Cooperative learning is more elaborate than group work activity. Spencer kagan all grades the big picture in a minibook. Cooperative learning involves structuring classes around small groups that work together in such a way that each group members success is dependent on the groups success. Introduce and reinforce your expectations for cooperative learning as discussed in the cornerstones chapter, teaching work habits, and do so only after students are able to work independently. He assigns students to groups of two, making the pairs as. The aim of this technique is to gather students in a conversation for analysis purpose and new information synthesis. Cooperative learning is an approach to teaching that makes maximum use of cooperative activities involving pairs and small groups of learners in the.